What is the purpose of a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI)?

The purpose of a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) is to protect against electrical shock by quickly interrupting the flow of electricity when it detects an imbalance between the outgoing and incoming current. This imbalance can occur when the current is leaking through an unintended path, such as through water or a person's body. By cutting off the electrical supply within milliseconds, GFCIs significantly reduce the risk of serious injuries or fatalities due to electrical shock, especially in wet or damp environments like bathrooms, kitchens, and outdoor settings. This safety device is critical in preventing accidents caused by faulty wiring or electrical appliances that may come into contact with water.

In contrast, the other options do not align with the function of a GFCI. Increasing circuit capacity deals with the ability of a circuit to handle more electrical load, which is unrelated to shock protection. Enhancing communication systems pertains to telecommunications and data transmission, while controlling pump operations relates to the management of mechanical devices rather than electrical safety. All these aspects highlight the specialized role that GFCIs play solely in electrical shock prevention.